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13.02.2018

Switzerland - Frost and heat reduce wine harvest

Extreme weather over the past year has led to the smallest wine harvest in nearly four decades, although these same conditions favoured a good-quality product. The 79 million litres of red and white wine of the 2017 vintage – a decrease of 27% compared with 2016 – is the result of cold nights last April and of hot and dry days in August, according to the Federal Agriculture Officeexternal link. The worst affected wine-growing region was the French-speaking part of the country, notably canton Valais. However, experts say the quality of the 2017 wine harvest is expected to be “very satisfactory”, due to the high concentration of natural sugar in the grapes according to a statement published on Monday. The office points out that four out of the past five annual crops has been inferior to the average consumption of wine in Switzerland. Vineyards in Switzerland cover about 14,750 hectares in the French, German and Italian-speaking parts of the country. Government loans for farmers in distress Because of the significant damage to their crops, some farmers found themselves in financial difficulty in 2017. To alleviate the situation, the government granted them loans worth CHF9.5 million ($10.1 million). Some CHF2.7 million of this went directly to farmers in the canton Valais, according to Jürg Jordi, spokesperson for the Federal Office for Agriculture. These farm assistance funds also went to fruit farmers for example, and it's thus unknown how much money went to the wine growers specifically, he told. Overall, fewer farmers than expected experienced a financial emergency. In the case of wine growers, however, it is particularly difficult to calculate the financial losses in advance, explained Jordi. The true cost often reveals itself only after they were able to sell less wine due to the smaller harvest. Source - https://www.swissinfo.ch

13.02.2018

Philippines - 2.5-m tons of rice lost yearly due to poor facilities, practices

About 2.5 million tons of rice enough to feed 14 million Filipinos is lost due to poor post-harvest facilities and practices yearly, Senator Ralph Recto said on Monday. Recto said that this represents about 17 percent of palay harvest lost enough to meet the annual rice needs of Metro Manila. “The theory is that if we are able to save even one-third of palay post-harvest losses, there will be no need to import rice,” he said. Rice lost to poor palay harvesting, threshing, drying and milling could feed more than 14 million Filipinos annually, Recto said, using last year’s harvest data and the 107.8 kilos yearly per capita consumption of rice. A 2010 government study said 4.3 percent of palay harvest is wasted during harvest, and 5.5 percent during milling. Other causes are drying (5.9 percent), and storage (0.8 percent). “If this ratio still exists, then about 3.8 million metric tons of palay were spoiled during the processing chain of harvest to storage,” Recto added. Government reported that national palay yield reached 19.28 million metric tons in 2017, up by 9.4 percent from the previous year. Paddy harvest is measured in terms of unhusked palay. When milled, a kilo of palay yields about 650 grams of rice. Recto said it is the government’s duty to see to it that the produce of rice farmers, who labor in one of the hardest professions, is not wasted. “I think Secretary Manny Piñol and the whole Department of Agriculture should be given a higher budget for post-harvest facilities and programs,” Recto said. “Agriculture, which is where millions of poor are, should be included in the government's infrastructure drive. Our farmers can only plant, plant, plant if we build, build, build more farm facilities like irrigation,” Recto said. The 2018 budget of Philippine Center for Postharvest Development and Mechanization is a mere P344 million, of which P125 million is for capital outlays, which, Recto said “is like one grain of palay in a whole sack of government spending.” Source - http://thestandard.com.ph

12.02.2018

USA - Most of Missouri remains in drought

Most of Missouri remains in a drought, according to a map released Feb. 8 by the National Drought Mitigation Center. The drought affects livestock farmers facing dwindling hay reserves. Row crop farmers are eyeing the situation with caution as planting season nears. East-central, southeastern and south-central Missouri face the largest water deficits in the state, said University of Missouri Extension climatologist Pat Guinan. Smaller pockets of long-term dryness exist over portions of northern Missouri, he said. But that could change. “We’re still in winter and there is time for notable improvement,” Guinan said. “Climatologically, southeast Missouri has the best chance for drought recovery during the cold season.” While concerning, things could be worse. In 1953-54 there were 16 consecutive months of below-normal precipitation, he said. Five years ago, Missouri experienced a severe hydrological drought that carried over from the historic drought of 2012. Conditions improved in February and March 2013, when a much wetter weather pattern emerged. A cool, wet spring followed. “That being said, drought impacts are currently ongoing,” he said. For Missouri, September 2017-January 2018 ranks as the driest September to January period in more than 40 years, Guinan said. The statewide average precipitation for the period was 8.3 inches—slightly more than half the normal of 15.9 inches. For the fifth year in a row, Missouri experienced below-normal precipitation in January. Statewide, precipitation for November-December 2017 averaged 1.91 inches or 30 percent of normal. For some locations, the dry spell began as early as June 2017. By the end of the year, drought affected much of the state, with parts showing a rainfall deficit of a foot or more, Guinan said. MU Extension specialists from east-central, southeastern and south-central Missouri reported drought impacts to Guinan in the fall. These impacts persist. They reported failures of fall-sown crops, including wheat, to germinate. Annuals such as oats and turnips did not produce well, and new grass and legume seedlings were reported in poor condition. Dry conditions also led to large numbers of brush and grass fires, says MU Extension natural resources engineer Frank Wideman, whose office is in Perryville, 80 miles south of St. Louis. Perry County was one of several counties in the state to issue burn bans. Livestock owners in drought-stricken areas continue to face concerns about dwindling hay supplies before spring grasses appear. “Producers who need hay and don’t yet have it tied down are looking out of the area and are probably going to have to pay higher than normal prices,” said Ted Probert, MU Extension dairy specialist in Wright County in southwestern Missouri. Because of dry conditions, farmers started feeding hay earlier in the season than normal, Probert said. “Much of the hay put up last spring was cut late and quality is not good.” Feeding low-quality hay for longer than normal may adversely affect the condition of animals as they come out of winter, he said. “Also, pastures have been grazed pretty short on a lot of farms. Spring grass may be later than normal.” Winter annuals and perennials emerged but lacked good growth going into the winter. Their vigor remains yet to be seen, said Probert. He works with dairy producers in southwestern Missouri, where the faucet dried up after growers planted forage grasses and legumes. Anthony Ohmes, an agronomy specialist in Cape Girardeau County, said dry conditions caused some emergence issues and delayed planting of fall-seeded perennials in southeastern Missouri. This left them immature going into winter. Hay stockpiles are adequate in most cases, but some livestock farmers are shipping hay in from southern states, Ohmes said. Guinan said low temperatures during the last week of December into January made for stressful conditions for livestock farmers who had to break ice on frozen ponds, and move cattle because of low or empty ponds or for shelter. Wells dried up or levels dropped. The extended period of subfreezing temperatures, combined with little or no snowpack and dry soils, contributed to an unusually deep frost line, said Guinan. The deep frost line, along with shifting soils due to the dry conditions, resulted in numerous reports of frozen water and sewer lines for homes and livestock operations. Source - http://www.kttn.com

12.02.2018

Nigeria - Farmers to access FG’s loans, herdsmen insurance cover

The National Insurance Commission has commenced the pilot implementation of Index-based Agricultural Insurance products in 10 northern states that will give farmers access to the Federal Government loans. The Commissioner for Insurance, Alhaji Mohammed Kari, stated this during a workshop in Abuja. He said that in partnership with the Nigeria Incentive-based Risk Sharing System for Agricultural Lending, underwriters were currently exploring innovative insurance products for livestock to help stem the tide of herdsmen and farmers’ clashes. Kari said, “Last year, Nigeria Incentive-based Risk Sharing System for Agricultural Lending, working with PULA advisors as its technical advisers and in collaboration with NAICOM, initiated the inception of an ‘Area Yield Index Insurance’ starting from the wet season. “The initiative is driven on the ‘Anchor Borrowers Programme’ of the Central Bank of Nigeria’ financing window of over $1.0bn but will later extend to other financing options. “A pilot implementation of Index-based Agric Insurance products in the 2017 farming season, in 10 northern states and for four crops (rice, maize, soya and sorghum) was successfully launched in 2017.” According to the commissioner, the Nigerian Agricultural Insurance Corporation, with 50 per cent government premium subsidies, is supposed to provide agricultural indemnity insurance covering crop, livestock, poultry and aquaculture. Source - https://punchng.com

12.02.2018

Ethiopia - Country loses $840M due to post harvest losses

A research conducted by Jimma University revealed that Ethiopia loses over 840 million US dollar from the post harvest loss of four crops. The study shows that there is a high loss of products /yields/ in Ethiopia in quantity and in quality so that it will affect the country’s economy. Post harvest professor at Jimma University and leader of the study team Ali Mehamed said that the study focusing on reasons of post harvest loss and the solutions was conducted on wheat, maize, Sorghum and Haricot beans. The study has covered 14 woredas of Tigray, Amhara, Oromia and Southern regional states and engaged farmers, harvesters, merchants, consumers and researchers. The professor also pointed out that the impact of this loss is not only economical it will have a problem related to health caused by the low quality of food crops that are not properly managed. “Our loss is not only economical; we are also facing human health problems due to low quality of these food crops, we will forced to cut trees to regain the wasted amount of crop and this leads to expand deforestation,” he stressed. The study shows that sorghum has the highest post harvest loss which is about 30 percent and the average result of the four crops is 25 percent. Lack of awareness, strategy, and shortage of trained man power, technology and financial problem are among the main causes of the problem indentified by the study.The professor said the study recommended establishing an independent office under the ministry of agriculture and natural resources which will responsible for coordinating and following the issue attentively. Ethiopia is working to reduce the level of post harvest loss from 20 percent to 5 percent by 2020. Source - https://www.ezega.com

12.02.2018

USA - Congress approves Florida citrus relief

Florida's citrus industry has thanked members of the US House and Senate for approving a Florida agriculture disaster package early Friday (9 February) that will send billions in relief to growers hit hard by Hurricane Irma. The package – passed as part of the federal budget deal – provides a total of US$3.6bn to the US Department of Agriculture, US$2.36bn of which will be used to make direct payments to Florida producers who suffered hurricane-related crop losses last year. Citrus’ share is expected to be US$760m, with the bill now moving on to President Donald Trump. “We cannot thank the Florida delegation enough for their bi-partisan support of this measure to get citrus growers back on their feet after a catastrophic blow from Hurricane Irma,” said Michael Sparks, executive vice-president and CEO of industry body Florida Citrus Mutual. “Growers and the communities and families that rely on citrus are thankful to say the least. Livelihoods and a way of life are going to be saved because of this funding. “Senators Nelson and Rubio were absolutely instrumental in the success of the relief package," Sparks continued. "On the House side Congressman Rooney, Ross and Diaz-Balart did yeoman’s work for us in addition to almost the entire Florida delegation. Agriculture Commissioner Adam Putnam and Governor Rick Scott were with us every step of the way and we thank them as well.” On 10 September 2017 Hurricane Irma moved through the center of the state hitting Florida’s major citrus producing regions with up to 120mph winds. The hurricane blew fruit off the tree and caused widespread tree damage. An FCM survey of growers conducted post-Irma pegged total fruit loss at more than 65 per cent with some reports of 100 per cent fruit loss in the Southwest part of the state. Shannon Shepp of the Florida Department of Citrus, an executive agency of Florida government charged with the marketing, research and regulation of the Florida citrus industry, said the move would bring relief for struggling growers who could now look ahead to a brighter future. "Today’s passage of disaster recovery funding immediately changes the outlook for so many," she said. "From growers who have been watching their bank accounts run into the red since September to the small-town communities reliant upon the citrus industry, a collective sigh of relief can be heard. "None of this would be possible without the tireless efforts of Gov. Rick Scott, congressmen Tom Rooney and Dennis Ross, senators Bill Nelson and Marco Rubio," Shepp highlighted. "We thank these gentlemen for their unwavering support of Florida’s signature industry and all they have done since the moment Hurricane Irma passed through our state. "Growers can now reinvest in their groves and look forward to new seasons ahead knowing that help is, indeed, on the way." Prior to Hurricane Irma, Florida was expected to produce about 75m boxes of oranges this season, according to private estimates. This season, the United States Department of Agriculture estimates Florida will produce 45m boxes of oranges, a 35 per cent decrease over last season, and 4.65m boxes of grapefruit, a 40 per cent decrease since last year. Source - http://www.fruitnet.com

12.02.2018

India - Hailstorm destroys crops in Maharashtra

Unseasonal rains, accompanied by hailstorm, lashed parts of Maharashtra’s Marathwada and Vidarbha region, razing huge tracts of crops yesterday, officials said. The hailstorm, which hit Jalna, Beed, Amravati, Buldhana, Washim, Akola and the surrounding areas, flattened the standing crops of wheat, grapes and chickpea besides hitting mango cultivation. The hailstorm, which lasted 15 minutes in some parts of Jalna and other places, transformed the green fields into white “snow-covered” valleys of Jammu and Kashmir. Farmers also complained they lost their crops of gram, oranges, banana, jowar and others in the natural calamity. As hailstones, the size of tennis balls in some areas, bombarded the region, at least two men were fatally hit. The Maharashtra government moved into active mode with Agriculture Minister Pandurang Fundkar announcing that all farmers would be compensated for their crop losses. He added that a meeting of insurance companies has been convened in Mumbai today to discuss the issue. Co-operation Minister Subhash Deshmukh ordered district officials to start preparing records immediately to assess the losses to disburse aid to the affected farmers. Opposition leaders Radhakrishna Vikhe-Patil of the Congress and Dhananjay Munde (Nationalist Congress Party) demanded that the government make a survey and immediately arrange to compensate the farmers before the upcoming budget session in March. Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis on Friday warned farmers to beware of rains and unseasonal rains, after India Meteorological Department’s Pune centre forecast hailstorms for February 10-12 and advised farmers to complete harvesting of crops before February 12 and keep the produce in safer place. Source - http://www.gulf-times.com/

12.02.2018

Poor rains, fall armyworm leaves Southern Africa vulnerable

Prolonged dry spells, erratic rainfall, high temperatures and the presence of the voracious fall armyworm have significantly dampened Southern Africa's current agricultural season's cereal production prospects. Early action in the form of consolidating information through assessments and anticipatory measures that reduce the impact of threats are crucial for an effective response. Fall Armyworm, which first emerged last season, has compounded the situation as it continues to spread within national territories and beyond. The pest is now present across the Southern African Development Community (SADC) except Mauritius and Lesotho. Partial fall armyworm monitoring has pointed to Malawi as the hotspot in the 2017/18 season, and the country has since declared a national disaster. "FAO concludes that the damage may already have been done. Whether the dry spells continue, or a lot of rainfall is received within a short period, crop production is likely to be negatively affected and consequently, water supplies for humans and livestock," said David Phiri, the FAO Subregional Coordinator for Southern Africa. Poor season signals food and nutrition insecurity, limits income-generating opportunities A Special Alert issued by the Food Nutrition and Security Working Group Southern Africa (FNSWG) painted a worrying picture of the situation, as many farmers from the region planted late while in some areas of Botswana, southern Mozambique and Zimbabwe did not plant at all. According to the Alert, South Africa - the largest producer of white maize in the region--has reported a 22 percent decline in area planted this season. The poor rains and the presence of the fall armyworm, Special Alert says, have far reaching consequences on access to adequate food and nutrition during the 2018/19-consumption year. Additionally, this will limit income-generating opportunities resulting in far reaching consequences on food and income security gains made in recent years. The outlook marks a sharp swing from a largely successful 2016/17 summer cropping season that saw a significant improvement in cereal output across the region. However, the 2016/17 season is sandwiched by poor seasons as 2015/16 was characterized by an El Niño induced drought that left the region with a huge cereal deficit. Southern Africa continues to experience shocks Intermittent rains preceded the two seasons, which affected crop production and affected pastures. In some cases, a diametrically opposite situation prevailed, as some areas, for example in parts of Mozambique and Malawi where floods washed crops and livestock away. Southern Africa continues to experience weather shocks, which threaten human, and livestock and these have become more pronounced with changes in climate. Phiri said it was imperative that stakeholders including the UN, SADC, funding partners, non-governmental organizations and the private sector come together to attain a "convergence of thought on the evolving situation." "There is an urgent need to determine the scale and possible impact of the prolonged dry spell on the season and intervene immediately. It is equally important to draw lessons from previous experiences and implement proven resilience-building interventions such as prepositioning water infrastructure, supplementary feeds and disease surveillance for livestock," added Phiri. Additional interventions which proved successful in the past seasons include input support for winter crop production on existing irrigation facilities, capacitating farmers for good post-harvest practices to minimize and avoid further losses as well as input support to restore agricultural production in the 2018/19 main cropping season. Source - https://bulawayo24.com

09.02.2018

Nigeria - FG to raise farmers under insurance coverage to 3.8m

The Federal Government plans to increase the number of farmers under insurance coverage from 500,000 to 3.8 million through the recently launched index-based agricultural insurance scheme. It also plans to announce series of incentives aimed at promoting agriculture value chain across the country Managing Director of the Nigeria Incentive-Based Risk Sharing System for Agricultural Lending (NIRSAL), Aliyu Abdulhameed, made these known in Abuja at the opening of training workshop on index insurance product design, evaluation and risk transfer. The forum was organised by NAICOM in conjunction with International Finance Corporation (IFC) an arm of World Bank group. “We have made significant investments in technology solutions and innovations to reduce counter chances of risks occurring in agricultural projects that we support. For instance, we have piloted the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to carry out field verification so that only viable lands are utilized for agriculture,” he said. “Using satellite imagery, we remotely monitor crop performance and growth. We deploy drones and geospatial monitoring devices to the field to detect and provide early warnings on field deviations. These measures help to promptly trigger required remediation actions to protect expected farm output and prevent unwarranted pay-outs by the insurance companies. “A key aspect of our plan is to increase insurance coverage from the current level of about 0.5 million to 3.8million agricultural primary producers. In this regard, we are nurturing local and international partnerships to make this happen. We recently signed a partnership agreements with a leading Moroccan agricultural insurance as well as and reinsurance company to provide technical support in expanding the range of agricultural insurance products in Nigeria.” Abdulhammed said that the four agencies would also develop insurance schemes to help end the persistent farmer-herder clashes, noting that the agency’s operations were anchored on five pillars. “These are risk sharing facility pillar ($300 million), insurance pillar ($30 million), technical assistance pillar ($60 million), rating pillar ($10 million) and incentives pillar ($100 million),” he noted. He said the agency has opened discussions with Royal Exchange Assurance, NIMET and CELLULANT for the development of a technology-driven Hybrid Index Insurance product that will include the Area Yield Index, Weather Index, and Price Index Insurance. “We are currently also, exploring innovative insurance products for livestock to help stem the tide of herdsmen versus farmers clash. Acre Africa of Kenya is a major partner,” he said. In a similar development, Commissioner for Insurance and CEO of NAICOM Alhaji Mohammed Kari, said index insurance is a new concept to Nigeria hence the need for capacity building to enhance progress in our drive to achieve efficiency and effectiveness in index- based agric insurance in Nigeria. “Our drive in this regard is tending with the ongoing effort of this present administration to diversify the economy and create opportunities to promote agricultural business and youth empowerment and index based agric insurance is one program that is in support of this policy of the government “ he said. “For us at the national insurance commission, we desire to create penetration and market growth. We have embraced index based agric insurance as a strategic initiative for insurance penetration as well as contribution to the development of agriculture.” He disclosed that in the last one year, NAICOM has played active role in promoting access to agricultural finance. He added:” There is need to request for further support from our partners especially in the areas of facilitation of compressive feasibility study on pilot bases, technical assistance on the provision of historical weather index data, technical capacity building to our regulatory persons who should be learned in product design, risk modeling , capital management, design of regulatory and supervisory framework, development of frameworks and guidelines for index based insurance regulation and supervision of operations, training and educational programs for key agricultural staff.” Kari however, expressed his delight that the collaboration between NAICOM, Africa Re, IFC has already achieved product approval for five insurance companies who are participating in the pilot scheme. In his remarks, Chief Executive Officer of Africa Re, Mr. Karekezi Corneille, represented by the Managing Director Africa Re, Ken Aghoghovbia, noted that food security is becoming a major concern for policy makers, especially in developing countries. “You will recall that during the first decade following independence, Nigeria stood out as one of the world’s most promising agricultural producers. Not only was the country largely self-sufficient and food secure, it also thrived in global markets ranking as the world’s largest producer of palm oil,” he said. “Today, Nigeria has lost that enviable position largely due to a shift in focus whereas several other countries are thriving, buoyed by various models of subsidy. Agriculture in Africa is generally dominated by smallholder farmers and pastoralists who do not appreciate what insurance can do for their business. Even the ones that do either lack the confidence that insurers will easily settle their claims or can barely afford the insurance premium. Thus, subsides on index products in agriculture insurance have a lot of promise in the continent. “At Africa Re, we believe that it is critical to support agricultural self-sufficiency within Africa, and that is why we are working with the international finance corporation of the World Bank group and other stakeholders to promote agriculture insurance in the continent. “This workshop being driven by NAICOM therefore is a welcome development, which we hope will be embraced by all Nigerians.” Mrs Essien Emem, Country Director, international financial corporation (IFC) in her remarks, said Nigeria is a critically important country for IFC, which is the largest investor in emerging market. Source - https://newtelegraphonline.com

09.02.2018

South Africa - Drought is battering the agricultural industry

The City of Cape Town has managed to delay Day Zero until mid-May, as a result of declining agricultural usage and a generous water donation from local farmers. But agriculture’s reduced water allocation has already had devastating effects on the agricultural sector and the economy – and this is only expected to worsen. Day Zero is the day the dams in the Western Cape will drop below 13.5% capacity, taps will be turned off and Capetonians will have to collect water at one of 200 guarded checkpoints around the city. “Agricultural usage is likely to drop significantly over the next weeks,” the City of Cape Town said in a statement on Monday. Presently the agriculture sector is using 30% of the water in the supply scheme but the City estimates this to fall to roughly 15% in March and 10% in April. This is because many of the agricultural users in the Western Cape Supply System – where the City also draws its water from – had used up the water allocated to them as per agreement with the national department of water and sanitation (NDWS) and as a result. The national department has now turned off the supply to two irrigation boards that used up their full allocation by the end of January 2018. “The City therefore feels more confident that agriculture will stay within their allocation this year, as opposed to the previous year. Had agricultural releases not slowed down, the threat of Day Zero would have moved closer,” the statement said. There has not been any significant decline in urban usage however, and residents are still encouraged to save water. Day Zero was also pushed back because of a water donation. On Tuesday Groenland Water Users Association began the release of 10 million cubic meters of water from the Eikenhof Dam to the Palmiet River in Grabouw which they are donating to the City of Cape Town. Ten million cubic meters of water translates to 10 billion litres of water. Cape Town’s current consumption rate is at just over 550 million a day which means the donation has the potential to last the city for about 18 – 20 days. The reduced water allocation because of the drought has already impacted on the agricultural sector and the economy of the Western Cape as a whole significantly. The limited water supply is costing Western Cape Agriculture. The damage caused by the ongoing drought on the Western Cape’s agricultural sector is already estimated at R14 billion, according to a statement by Agri Western Cape on 29 January.  The Western Cape farms fruit, wine grapes, grain and livestock – and the drought has had disastrous consequences for yield. About 50% less onions and 80% less potatoes were planted in the Ceres area this season. This not only has an effect on food production, it also means wage losses of millions of rands for seasonal workers. This may also mean consumers will see price increases. This also impacts factories because the value chain needs raw products from producers and when it isn’t provided, this is detrimental for the community. Two tomato canning factories in Saldanha Bay terminated operations, which means between 4 000 to 6 000 job potential losses in the West Coast town and surrounds. A tomato puree factory in Lutzville also gave notice that they will not open this season because of the lack of production. According to indications deciduous fruit crop yield will be 20% smaller, plums 10%, peaches and nectarines between 5 and 6%, apricots 16% and table grapes from the Olifants-region at 23% smaller. A similar story can be told of wine grapes, grain and livestock. Farmers have also been making an effort to save water and cut back hundreds of hectares of citrus trees and orchards, with buds trimmed off vines and trees. This will affect the following years harvest and put pressure on the socio-economic and economic well-being of the rural communities, which will put pressure on National Treasury. Source - https://www.thedailyvox.co.za

09.02.2018

USA - Florida orange crop shrinks as growers press for relief

Florida orange growers, seeing no relief as they peer into their groves, have turned their heads toward Washington, hoping a $2.36 billion hurricane-relief package survives yet another bitter battle over the federal budget. Growers received more bad news on the home front Thursday after the U.S. Department of Agriculture again lowered the projected 2017-18 Florida orange crop. The new USDA estimate put this season’s crop down 2 percent to 45 million boxes, 1 million boxes less than its January estimate and a 9 million-box decline from its initial October estimate of 54 million boxes. The one-month change came entirely off the late-season Valencia orange crop, which fell to 26 million boxes. The early and mid-season orange varieties, largely harvested by the end of January, remained at 19 million boxes. The USDA kept the projected 2017-18 grapefruit crop at 4.65 million boxes and the state’s tangerine and tangelo harvest at 860,000 boxes. The orange crop continues to suffer from the effects of the fatal bacterial disease citrus greening, which arose in the state in 2005, magnified by wind and flood damage from Hurricane Irma in September. The USDA shaved 4 million boxes off the early-mid orange harvest as the season progressed, but growers were hoping the late-season Valencias would fare better. That expectation appeared to be fading as several growers have told The Ledger before Thursday’s report that pre-harvest drop from their Valencia trees appeared to be accelerating as the fruit neared maturity. “We have been experiencing significant fruit drop in Valencia oranges,” said Monge Zekri, a University of Florida citrus agent based in LaBelle who covers the Southwest Florida area. “It is due to citrus greening, citrus canker and to flooding damage from Hurricane Irma. Fruit drop is expected to continue.” Southwest Florida experienced the worst of Irma’s damage because the massive storm made landfall in that area as a Category 3 hurricane with sustained winds up to 129 mph. Groves and other areas remained flooded for a week, leading to root damage and contributing to pre-harvest drop. “We’ve been hearing the Valencias look good this season, but the decrease in the number is not entirely surprising,” said Mike Sparks, chief executive of Florida Citrus Mutual in Bartow, the growers’ trade group. “We continue to feel the long-term effects of Hurricane Irma.” Shannon Shepp, executive director of the Florida Department of Citrus, agreed. “While this is certainly lower than initial estimates, it was not unexpected,” she said in a news statement. “We are still hopeful the remainder of the season holds stable.” Shepp and Sharp also agreed with the Florida citrus industry consensus that many growers need federal financial relief to survive into the 2018-19 season. “This production decline is exactly why we need a federal relief package to help us weather the storm and ultimately get back on the road to sustainability for the long term,” Sparks said. “Should disaster-recovery funding pass today, it would give growers the confidence they need to continue making investments to keep this season’s crop stable and produce more Florida citrus in the years to come,” Shepp added. Florida growers got close in December, when the U.S. House of Representatives passed an $81 billion disaster bill, including $2.6 billion for agricultural assistance and specifically $760 million to compensate Florida citrus growers for fruit losses. The Senate did not vote on the measure before adjourning for the holiday. Earlier this week, Republican and Democratic leaders in the Senate approved a two-year federal budget that includes $90 billion for disaster relief. That includes $2.36 billion earmarked for agriculture with no specific amount for Florida citrus, said Andrew Meadows, a Citrus Mutual spokesman, late Thursday. “It’s expected there will be funding for citrus because of the damage,” he added. This time, however, many House members are balking at the Senate plan because it contains $131 billion in additional domestic spending over the two years. Citrus Mutual on Thursday was lobbying the Florida delegation and other House members to support the Senate measure. “The Disaster Aid Package accompanying the (Senate bill) provides essential relief/rebuild funding to get the Florida citrus industry back on its feet,” said a letter from Sparks addressed to individual House members. “This vote is critical. Growers and the communities and families that rely on citrus can’t wait. They need to know this funding is on the way right now. Livelihoods and a way of life are at stake.” Source - http://www.theledger.com

09.02.2018

Zimbabwe - Fall armyworm wipes 20% of Midlands crop

The Midlands Province has lost about 20 percent of its maize crop due to the fall armyworm outbreak. Midlands Agritex provincial crop and livestock officer Mrs Medlinah Magwenzi said farmers will not realise their targets because of the fall armyworm. “The fall armyworm has really affected the maize crop in the province. Most of the farmers who planted the maize crop have challenges to do with the fall army worm. On average about 20 percent of the maize crop has been affected meaning that it’s very bad. This will have an effect of the yield which will expect will go down,” she said. Mrs Magwenzi said farmers should work with extension officers to deal with fall army worm adding that 240 fall army worm traps had been set countrywide to contain the spread of the pest. Meanwhile, Mrs Magwenzi discouraged dryland farmers against planting maize seed saying their crop was mostly likely to fail as it will be affected by winter conditions. She said some farmers had been planting the maize seed after the heavy rains that fell in most parts of the province on Monday. “We are discouraging farmers who might want to plant a new crop now especially following the rains that we have received now. The challenge will be that we experience the winter season and this will inhibit growth meaning that they will make a loss. So farmers should not plant unless they are in irrigation schemes,” she added. She said only maize between four and six weeks old might survive owing to the current rains. Some parts of the country have been receiving rains since last week, which has brought hope are relief to farmers after a long dry spell. Source - http://www.herald.co.zw

09.02.2018

India - 2.5L acres of crop may be lost

Standing paddy crops in around two-and-half lakh acres in Nagapattinam and Tiruvarur districts are likely to wither, if at least three spells of wetting are not given in two weeks, say farmer association leaders in these delta districts. Besides, long-term crops like banana are also likely to be hit by lack of water for irrigation. K Balakrishnan, Chidambaram MLA and president of the Tamil Nadu Farmers Association (CPM), told Express, “Nagapattinam being a district in the tail-end area of the Cauvery delta, water from the Mettur dam did not reach it.  As a result, standing crops in 60 per cent of cultivated lands require at least two spells of wetting once a week till the month-end. Otherwise, the crops will wither and farmers will have to depend on the insurance for crop loss. In Tiruvarur also 20 percent of crops will be affected.” Balakrishanan further said, “Farmers are trying their best to save crops by even bringing water for irrigation by tanker lorries. Wherever borewells are available, the farmers would save the crops to maximum extent. Thanjavur, Kumbakonam, and Mayiladuthurai areas come under the old Cauvery delta and the Vennar division comes under the new Cauvery delta. In the Vennar division and in  Thiruthuraipoondi, Mannargudi, Tiruvarur, Keevalur and Thalaignayiru, the groundwater level is almost nil and the farmers are suffering.” He also explained that the Mettur dam was opened very late last year, on October 2. But owing to unexpected surplus rains in November, the crops got submerged. So, the farmers went in for re-cultivation through direct sowing method and hence the samba season got extended. PR Pandian, president, All Farmers Associations’ Coordination Committee, said, “As of now, harvest is going on in around five lakh acres. While the farmers could save the crops in another two-and-half lakh acres by bringing water from various sources, standing crops in around two-and-half lakh acres in Nagapattinam and Tiruvarur districts are likely to wither.” Meanwhile, Pandian submitted a memorandum to Chief Minister Edappadi K Palaniswami to convene an emergency meeting of the farmers associations and leaders of all political parties and should meet PM Narendra Modi seeking  water. Source - http://www.newindianexpress.com

09.02.2018

USA - Lower corn and soybean price volatility could mean insurance premiums fall

Amid tough circumstances farmers have faced the past couple of years with weaker crop prices and lower farmland values, a bit of potentially good news came to light in early February. Indications are that crop insurance premiums on corn and soybeans will be lower for farms in lower risk production counties for the coming year based on information released in early February by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Risk Management Agency, according to Kansas State University agricultural economics professor Art Barnaby. RMA has started posting February prices and volatilities that will set corn and soybean insurance coverages and premiums in Kansas and other Corn Belt-area states. The February average price for December 2018 CME corn futures will set the base price for crop insurance. The current estimated base price is about the same as last year's base price and will provide about the same dollars of coverage, Barnaby said. However, current volatility is 4 points lower for corn and 3 points lower for soybeans. The lower volatility will discount corn rates over 20 percent in low risk counties so these farmers will be able to buy about the same level of coverage as they did a year ago, but pay 20 percent less in premiums. In high-risk production counties, the discount is small; less than 3 percent. Current volatility could change because it is not set until the last five trading days in February for December CME corn options. The current volatility for corn is the lowest since 1999, and soybean volatility is also at historic lows. "Because the lower volatility will lower premiums, farmers might want to consider buying higher levels of crop insurance," Barnaby said, noting however that it's still possible for volatility to increase by the end of February, so most farmers will want to wait until March 1 to make a final decision. Source - https://www.tsln.com

08.02.2018

Argentina dealing with drought

Dryness that was once mostly confined to northwestern Argentina has become a much larger concern as 2018 begins. Drought has moved around, expanded and contracted in parts of Argentina during the past few weeks. Most of the nation’s 2018 production potential is still intact, but not in some northern agricultural areas. Drought has prevailed in northwestern Argentina during most of the growing season that began in late September and October. Dryness reached serious proportions a number of times, but most recently during December. The stress and strain of limited top and subsoil moisture put most crops into a state of distress. Persistence in dry weather was the largest issue, but like in most droughts around the world the dryness led its way into an oven-like environment with extreme temperatures noted at times during December. Extreme highs reached up to 113 degrees F (44 degrees C) during mid-month and there were many other days with highs varying from 100 to 109 degrees F (38-43 degrees C). Some of the dryness began to break down at the end of December, and temperatures eased up just slightly toward the last days of 2017. The latest soil assessment suggested some relief occurred as a few locally strong thunderstorms developed. However, the relief was incomplete with dryness still going deep into the subsoil. Frequent rain over a couple of weeks will be needed to totally restore soil moisture and that is not likely to come easily since it is summertime and daily high temperatures are normally hot enough to evaporate a fair amount of moisture from the soil every day. In the meantime, some of Santiago del Estero’s dryness expanded across a larger part of northern Argentina. Northern Santa Fe finished the month of December as dry as Santiago del Estero was in October and November, and serious stress was occurring in many neighboring crop areas of Corrientes and Chaco. None of these northern production areas of Argentina are considered major contributors to the overall production in Argentina. However, the driest conditions were moving around during late December and a new area of dryness emerged in a more important grain and oilseed production region, including much of Buenos Aires. Topsoil moisture in Buenos Aires and La Pampa at the beginning of 2018 was critically low and subsoil moisture was in decline, as well. Subsoil moisture was still rated marginally adequate to short, allowing crops to continue developing, albeit at a much slower pace than earlier this season. Another week to 10 days of dryness might push some crops to the edge of a “potential production cliff.” In other words, in Buenos Aires and La Pampa rainfall was needed in a significant manner in the first two weeks of the new year to protect early reproducing summer crops and to support the planting and establishment of late season crops. The same kind of scenario remains in the driest areas of northern Santa Fe, Chaco and Corrientes, where topsoil moisture was nearly depleted while the subsoil moisture was in decline. Computer weather forecast models for South America suggested the first 10 to 12 days of the new year in Argentina would not show much improvement. A ridge of high pressure aloft was expected to evolve and block rainfall from occurring in many areas. However, crop development will only be at the threshold of reproduction by mid-January, suggesting a sudden improvement in weather could restore much of the declining production potential. As noted above, however, mid-January will become a critical time for the nation’s summer crops with early crops likely to be facing a sharp decline in yield potentials if dryness continues any longer without significant rain falling first — hence, the “potential production cliff.” Weather beginning to shift? World Weather, Inc. believes weather in Argentina is beginning to shift. The shift in weather patterns often occurs in La Niña years so that dryness that was once widespread in the nation, but favoring the west and north, shifts to the east. Portions of Uruguay, Rio Grande do Sul and southern Paraguay are also often caught up in the drying tendency. The pattern change usually spares Argentina’s late-season crops, including many soybeans, sorghum and the late corn from suffering huge losses in production. However, the early season crops, including sunseed and early corn, are usually more seriously affected. Each La Niña event is different from those of the past and this one is already different. The shift in dryness is occurring two to three weeks later than most events and because of that there may be a little more damage done to production potentials. Nevertheless, as late January arrives there should be some changes, including wetter biases in western and northern Argentina and drier conditions in the east-central and southeast. Southern Brazil may also experience some moisture stress later in January along with parts of Uruguay, southern Paraguay and a few areas as far north as southern Parana. Confidence in dryness evolving as far north as southern Parana is low, and a close monitoring of the situation is warranted. This year’s dryness is likely to be more focused on eastern Argentina, Uruguay, southern Paraguay and western and southern Rio Grande do Sul. The remainder of Brazil may experience more favorable weather, and improving conditions should occur in parts of western Argentina, as well. The latest information about La Niña shows a weakening trend in the phenomenon. If this trend continues, as it should, traditional weather anomalies normally associated with La Niña should begin wavering. That may open the door for new anomalies or certainly some deviation from what is considered “traditional” in such an event. For that reason, a close monitoring of weather in South America and around the world is warranted in January and especially February. Enough weakening in La Niña will have occurred by mid-February that other weather patterns will begin influencing agriculture in South America more significantly. That should mean continued good weather for most of Brazil and some improvement for Argentina. The big question is, “how much damage will have occurred to Argentina production by that time?” Some loss is quite likely, but until significant rain falls, estimates will continue in flux. Source - http://www.world-grain.com

08.02.2018

Philippines - Rice pest causes P2.4-M crop damage in Negros

The Rice Grain Bug, an emerging rice pest in Negros Occidental, continues to infest more areas as the Office of the Provincial Agriculturist (OPA) recorded another P2.4 million worth of damage in two municipalities. Pontevedra town and Himamaylan City lost P2,445,536 worth of rice crops due to infestation in January, records from OPA released to the media Wednesday showed. Provincial Agriculturist Japhet Masculino said apart from Pontevedra and Himamaylan, OPA is waiting for the reports from towns in the sixth district, Candoni and Hinobaan, where infestations were also reported. Pontevedra belongs to the fourth district while Himamaylan in the fifth district, both located in the southern part of Bacolod. This is the first reported Rice Grain Bug infestation this year, Masculino said. Pontevedra has P2,053,760 worth of damage covering 59 hectares and affecting 33 farmers. OPA noted that last year, the town had the biggest rice production yield in the province with 7.1 tons per hectare. Himamaylan has P391,776 worth of damage covering 9.04 has. affecting nine farmers. The bug sucks the contents of rice grains in the milking stage, causing moisture loss and discoloration. The pest has a dirty-brown color and is half the size of the Rice Black Bug, with bigger front legs. The Philippine Crop Insurance Corporation recently included them in the insurance coverage for RGB damages this year after the provincial government submitted a letter to its president Jovy Bernabe last December. Masculino said experts from Bureau of Plant Industry and the University of the Philippines-Los Baños will be coming in Negros to study   the spreading of the pest that was discovered to be infesting rice areas last August. In the second half of 2017, cases of RGB infestation in south Negros were reported with damage placed at P8.4 million. About 31 packs of bio-controlling fungi Metarhizium anisopliae from the Department of Agriculture-Western Visayas Regional Crop Protection Center were distributed to Pontevedra and Himamaylan, Masculino said. He advised farmers to adopt the synchronous planting of rice to minimize pest damage. Source - https://news.mb.com.ph

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