Cocoa farmers, who enjoyed excellent income last year due to record market prices, are facing a shock this year as excessive monsoon rains have caused the cocoa crop to dry up.

Despite various precautionary measures, cocoa crops continue to be affected by diseases. For years, cocoa farming was not a preferred option in Dakshina Kannada. However, last year’s record price of Rs 320 per kg for raw cocoa, a significant increase from Rs 100 per kg, restored confidence among farmers. Unfortunately, the price later dropped back to Rs 100 per kg.

This year, due to heavy monsoon rains, farmers have not been able to harvest the cocoa crop in August and September, the typical harvesting months.

Cocoa growers estimate that 60% of the crop has been lost due to blackening and drying, particularly during the flowering stage, making it impossible to protect the plants. While it is common for cocoa to turn black during the monsoon, farmers report that the damage is more severe this year. The disease resembles Koleroga, caused by the Phytophthora fungus.

Initially, brown or chocolate-colored spots appear on the cocoa, which eventually spread, covering the entire fruit. A white fungal growth envelops the cocoa, turning the seed inside black.

To combat this, farmers are advised to collect and burn fallen leaves and infected fruits. Regular care of the plants, ensuring sunlight and air circulation, is essential. During the monsoon, spraying a 1% Bordeaux mixture solution is recommended.

Dr Vinayaka Hegde, a scientist at CPCRI, stated, "During the monsoon, cocoa is vulnerable to Koleroga and Kappu Kaayi Roga. Excessive rain and fungal infections cause the crop to blacken and dry up. This can be controlled by spraying Bordeaux solution early in the flowering stage or by having the crop tested by experts and applying the necessary pesticides."

Source - www.daijiworld.com